Elder

Elder - Sambucus nigra

Alternative names
Common Elder
Description

Shrub or tree to 10 metres, with grey-brown corky bark and white pith. Branches arching, rather brittle. Flowers creamy white, with yellowish white anthers in flat topped cluster 14 to 24 mm across, scented. Berry turning red and eventually black when ripe.

Identification difficulty
Habitat

Various. Woods, hedgerows, old walls and around farms.

When to see it

June and July.

Life History

Deciduous.

UK Status

Very common throughout Britain

VC55 Status

Very common in Leicestershire and Rutland. In the 1979 Flora survey of Leicestershire it was found in 602 of the 617 tetrads.

Leicestershire & Rutland Map

MAP KEY:

Yellow squares = NBN records (all known data)
Coloured circles = NatureSpot records: 2025+ | 2020-2024 | pre-2020

UK Map

Additional images

All NatureSpot records

Photo of the association

Elder Whitewash

Elder Whitewash (Hyphodontia sambuci) is a chalky white or greyish fungal pathogen found on the dead wood of branches of Elder that are still attached to the tree.

Photo of the association

Elder Aphid

Elder Aphid (Aphis sambuci) is a variable aphid species, but the usual form is dark grey marked with white. It is usually associated with Elder, although it may use other plants.

Photo of the association

Pseudocercospora depazeoides

Cercospora depazeoides is a fungus which attacks the leaves of Elder, creating a strange, pale, scale like appearance on the upper surface of the leaves, and tiny black spots beneath.

Photo of the association

Epitrimerus trilobus

Epitrimerus trilobus is a mite that causes galls to form on the leaves of Elder. The leaf margin rolls upwards and becomes slightly thickened. The roll is 1 - 5mm wide, tight, short or extending around most of the leaf;  the leaf may be creased or buckled and reduced in size; the gall contains mites.

Photo of the association

Placochela nigripes

The larvae of Placochela nigripes produce galls on the flower buds of Elder, Wild Privet and occasionally on Garden Privet causing the buds to remain closed and swollen. The galls contain an orange larva.

Photo of the association

Macrophya albicincta

The larvae of the sawfly Macrophya albicincta feed on Elder as do those of Macrophya ribis and Macrophya alboannulata.  If found on Elder this species should be recorded as Macrophya albicincta sensu lato.

Photo of the association

Liriomyza amoena

The larva of the Agromyzid fly Liriomyza amoena mines the leaves of Elder, creating a large blotch mine with conspicuous frass.